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Chocolate contains two ingredients that are toxic to dogs: THEOBROMINE and CAFFEINE. Humans metabolize these substances efficiently, but dogs cannot process them quickly, leading to potential toxicity.
- THEOBROMINE: This compound contributes to the “feel-good” effect of chocolate in humans but acts as a toxin in dogs, affecting their heart, kidneys, and nervous system.
- CAFFEINE: Although less prevalent than in coffee or tea, caffeine in chocolate can still overstimulate a dog’s heart and nervous system.
Dark chocolate, baking chocolate, and cocoa powder contain higher levels of theobromine and caffeine, making them especially dangerous.
SYMPTOMS OF CHOCOLATE POISONING IN DOGS
Signs of chocolate poisoning can range from mild to severe, depending on the amount consumed and the dog’s size. Watch for:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Increased heart rate
- Restlessness or hyperactivity
- Tremors or shaking
- Seizures
In severe cases, chocolate can be fatal, particularly for smaller dogs, where even a small amount can be harmful.
WHAT TO DO IF YOUR DOG EATS CHOCOLATE
- CONTACT YOUR VETERINARIAN IMMEDIATELY: Inform them about the quantity and type of chocolate consumed.
- MONITOR FOR SYMPTOMS: Look out for signs like vomiting or restlessness and seek immediate veterinary care if symptoms occur.
- DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING WITHOUT GUIDANCE: Follow your vet’s advice on whether to induce vomiting.
PREVENTING CHOCOLATE POISONING
- KEEP CHOCOLATE OUT OF REACH: Store chocolate in high, inaccessible places.
- BE CAUTIOUS DURING HOLIDAYS: Extra vigilance is needed during times when chocolate is more common in the home.
- EDUCATE OTHERS: Make sure family and friends are aware not to give your dog chocolate.